High-yield synthesis of a novel water-soluble macrocycle for selective recognition of naphthalene

A novel good water-soluble macrocycle containing two pyridinium moieties was synthesized in high yield.It could form 1:1 complexes with neutral guests containing naphthalene or phenyl units in water.The water-soluble macrocycle can selectively encapsulate naphthalene to form a 1:1 complex over a variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.     

碳掺杂六方氮化硼/二硫化钼吸附还原六价铬和助催化降解有机污染物

针对二硫化钼(MoS₂)因易团聚导致去除六价铬[Cr(Ⅵ)]容量低的问题, 利用六方氮化硼(BN)良好的吸附性和化学稳定性, 以多巴胺作为BN改性剂, 通过煅烧法和水热法制得碳掺杂六方氮化硼(c-BN)负载MoS₂纳米复合材料(c-BN@MoS₂). 研究了室温条件下c-BN@MoS₂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附还原和助催化降解有机污染物的性能. 实验结果表明, c-BN@MoS₂在40 min内对50 mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)吸附还原去除率高达95%以上, 且以将 Cr(Ⅵ)还原至Cr(Ⅲ)为主, 在pH值为2、 温度为25 ℃条件下去除Cr(Ⅵ)最大容量可达401 mg/g, 显著高于 MoS₂(98 mg/g). 分析显示, c-BN不仅提高了MoS₂的平均孔径, 还可促进MoS₂生成金属特性的1T相, 有利于吸附Cr(Ⅵ)和加快氧化还原过程中的电子转移. 在Fe²⁺/PMS(过一硫酸氢盐)催化体系加入c-BN@MoS₂, 该体系对磺胺甲恶唑的降解性能明显增强, 其反应速率常数提高3倍, 这主要归因于c-BN@MoS₂明显加快了Fe³⁺到Fe²⁺的转变, 导致更多?OH产生, 达到增强降解污染物的目标.     

Surface-assembled highly flexible Na_3(VOPO_4)_2F nanocube cathode for high-rate binder-free Na-ion batteries

Flexible Na-ion storage cathodes are still very few due to the challenge in achieving both reliable mechanical flexibility and excellent electrochemical performances.Herein,a new type of flexible Na_3(VOPO_4)_2F cathode with nanocubes tightly assembled on carbon cloth is fabricated by a facile solvothe rmal method for the first time.The cathode is able to exhibit superior rate capability and stable cycling performa nce up to 1000 cycles,due to the surface-assembling of crystalline nanocubes on carbon fibers.In addition,it shows good mechanical flexibility,nearly no capacity decay is observed after continuous bending of 500 times.With this novel cathode and a directly-grown Na_2Ti_2O_5 anode,a fully binde r-free Na-ion battery is assembled.It can deliver a high wo rking voltage and increased gravimetric energy/power densities(maximum values:220.2 Wh/kg;5674,7 W/kg),and can power a LED indicator at bending angles fro m 0° to 180°.     

Facile Surfactant-, Reductant-, and Ag Salt-free Growth of Ag Nanoparticles with Controllable Size from 35 to 660 nm on Bulk Ag Materials

Morphologically and dimensionally controlled growth of Ag nanocrystals has long been plagued by surfactants or capping agents that complicate downstream applications, unstable Ag salts that impaired the reproducibility, and multistep seed injection that is troublesome and time-consuming. Here, we report a one-pot electro-chemical method to fast (∼2 min) produce Ag nanoparticles from commercial bulk Ag materials in a nitric acid solution, eliminating any need for surfactants or capping agents. Their size can be easily manipulated in an unprecedentedly wide range from 35 to 660 nm. Furthermore, the Ag nanoparticles are directly grown on the Ag substrate, highly desirable for promising applications such as catalysis and plasmonics. The mechanistic studies reveal that the concentration of Ag⁺ in the diffusion layer nearby the surface, controlled by the magnitude and duration of voltage, is critical in governing the nanoparticle formation (<1.3 mM) and its dimensional adjustability.     

TiO2修饰La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ用于中温固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极

纳米TiO2修饰的La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ(LSCF)阴极被直接应用于YSZ电解质电池上. TiO2可阻止LSCF和YSZ间的化学反应,抑制SrZrO3的形成. LSCF-0.25 wt% TiO2阴极电池在0.7 V和600°C下的电流密度是LSCF阴极电池的1.6倍.电化学阻抗谱结果表明, TiO2修饰显著加快了氧离子注入电解质的过程,这可能与TiO2抑制了阴极/电解质界面处高电阻SrZrO3层的形成有关.本文为在ZrO2基电解质上使用高性能的(La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3阴极材料提供了一种简单有效的方法.     

Dual Esterase‐ and Steroid‐Responsive Energy Transfer Modulation of Ruthenium(II) and Rhenium(I) Complex Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

A number of adamantane‐containing ruthenium(II) and rhenium(I) complexes have been synthesized, characterized, and noncovalently functionalized with β‐cyclodextrin‐capped gold nanoparticles (β‐CD–GNPs) through the host–guest interaction between cyclodextrin and adamantane. The resultant nanoconjugates have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), and 2D ROESY ¹H NMR experiments. The Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) properties of the nanoconjugates can be modulated by both esterase‐accelerated hydrolysis and competitive displacement of steroid, by monitoring the emission intensity and luminescence lifetime. The FRET efficiencies are found to vary with the nature of the chromophores and the length of the spacer between the transition metal complexes and the GNPs. This work constitutes a “proof‐of‐principle” assay method for the dual‐functional detection of important classes of biomolecules, such as enzymes and steroids.     

Periodic Solutions of Delay Differential Equations with a Small Parameter: Existence,Stability and Asymptotic Expansion

We consider a scalar delay differential equation with a small parameter, and employ Walthers method to obtain a result on the existence and stability of a slowly oscillatory periodic solution that represents a refinement of the estimate for the Lipschitz constant of a returning map. We also develop a matching method and obtain asymptotic expansions of the slowly oscillatory periodic solution and its minimal period.Dedicated to Professor Shui-Nee Chow on the occasion of his 60th birthdayAMS subject classifications: 34K15; 34K20; 34C25.     

高龄老年男性腰椎骨密度独立相关因素的研究

目的 通过分析高龄老年（≥80岁）男性腰椎骨密度（LBMD）的独立相关因素,寻找提高高龄老年男性LBMD 的方法。方法 对1066例高龄老年男性进行LBMD测定、血液生化、骨代谢和生殖激素等指标的检测,运用多元回归分析筛选高龄老年男性LBMD 的独立相关因素。结果 高龄老年男性LBMD的独立相关因素有体重指数（β=0.018,P＜0.01）、I型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列（β=-0.226,P＜0.01）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（β=-0.047,P＜0.01）、雌二醇（β=0.002,P＜0.01）。结论 维持合理的体重指数和雌二醇水平,降低血清I型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列水平,积极防治慢性阻塞性肺疾病,可能是提高高龄老年男性LBMD的重要方法。     

大理岩非分叉断裂的随机分形模型

本文建立了大理岩沿晶、穿晶及沿晶穿晶偶合断裂的随机分形模型，该模型能与大理岩的整体晶态结构自洽，且模型的分维值与测量值有很好的吻合。     

A New Method for Establishing Pseudo Orthogonal Properties of Eigenfunction Expansion Form in Fracture Mechanics

A new and simple method is developed to establish the pseudo orthogonal properties (POP) of the eigenfunction expansion form (EEF) of crack-tip stress complex potential functions for cracked anisotropic and piezoelectric materials, respectively. Di?erent from previous research, the complex argument separation technique is not required so that cumbersome manipulations are avoided. Moreover, it is shown, di?erent from the previous research too, that the orthogonal …